「寻找正宗的蓝调」系列第二期。
早期的黑人艺人为了入行,登上全国娱乐舞台,一直面对两条道路的选择,一条是白人化,消去黑人的痕迹。这在不露脸的作曲家是比较容易实现的,但是换成要登台表演的艺人,就成了几乎不可跨越的门槛。于是大部分人选择了第二条路,就是黑人化,扮演白人主流观众眼中的标准黑人形像,他们也就最早取得了商业成功。今天我们就来聊聊几位艺人的努力。
在这期里,你会听到:
*什么是黑人音乐*一歌两唱*黑人与黑脸表演*James Bland 写白人歌*Ernest Hogan 和 Coon Song*Will Marion Cook 和黑人音乐剧的诞生
《talich 闲侃》,有闲得聊,关注美国流行文化史,网址:talich.fm
相关链接
主要参考文献
Sanjek, R. (1988). American popular music and its business: the first four hundred years. Volume II: From 1790 to 1909. New York: Oxford University Press.
McAllister, M. E. (2011). Whiting up: whiteface minstrels & stage Europeans in African American performance. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.
Horowitz, J. (2001). Dvořák and Boston. American Music, 19(1), 3-17.
Gingery, A. (2016). Dvořák and the American Connection, Philadelphia Chamber Music Society.
相关录音:
Carmen Fields interviews Dr. Kenneth Clark, The 10 O'Clock News, WGBH, 10/18/1988, Boston TV News Digital Archive
Run, Nigger, Run, 电影《12 Years A Slave》原声
Only in America, Jerry Leiber/Mike Stoller/Barry Mann/Cynthia Weil 词曲,The Drifters/Garry Sherman 唱奏,1963 录音,1972 出版,Atlantic
Only in America, PJerry Leiber/Mike Stoller/Barry Mann/Cynthia Weil 词曲,Jay and the Americans/Garry Sherman 唱奏,1963,Atlantic
Bully Song,Charles E Trevathan 词曲,May Irwin 演唱,Victor,1907
Oh, Dem Golden Slippers,James Bland 词曲,Fats Waller 唱奏,1939 录音,1979 出版,HighNote Records
Carry Me Back to Old Virginny, James Bland 词曲,Alma Gluck 演唱,Walter B. Rogers 指挥,1914,Victor
Carry Me Back to Old Virginny, James Bland 词曲,Ray Charles 演唱,1960, ABC-Paramount
Old Folks at Home (Swanee River), Stephen Foster 词曲,Paul Robeson 演唱,1930,Victor
All Coons Look Alike to Me,Ernest Hogan/Max Hoffman 词曲,Arthur Collins/Vess L. Ossman 演奏,1902,Edison
All Coons Look Alike to Me,Ernest Hogan/Max Hoffman 词曲,midi 复现
Who Dat Say Chicken in Dis Crowd,Paul Laurence Dunbar 词/Will Marion Cook 曲,Williams Brown 演唱/Ann Sears 钢琴,2000,Albany Records